文章基本信息

标题：Implementation of a 1‐D Thermodynamic Model for Simulating the Winter‐Time Evolvement of Physical Properties of Snow and Ice Over the Arctic Ocean
本地全文：下载
作者：Eui‐Jong Kang ; Byung‐Ju Sohn ; Rasmus Tage Tonboe 等
期刊名称：Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
电子版ISSN：1942-2466
出版年度：2021
卷号：13
期号：3
页码：e2020MS002448
DOI：10.1029/2020MS002448
出版社：John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
摘要：This paper presents a sea ice prognostic model involving a one‐dimensional thermodynamic diffusion model, nudging satellite‐derived snow/ice temperatures, and two‐dimensional Lagrangian ice tracking. The aim of the model is to produce the evolvement of the physical properties of the snow and ice over the Arctic Ocean during the winter season. While the one‐dimensional column process solves the solution at a specific time and location, the evolvement of physical properties of the same ice target can be continuously simulated along the trajectory of ice movement determined by the Lagrangian tracking method. The main inputs were reanalysis‐based atmospheric forcings, thermal conditions constrained through nudging of snow skin temperature and snow‐ice interface temperature, and satellite‐derived ice motion vectors. The simulation results showed that the model can successfully reproduce well‐known regional features and geographical distributions of snow depth and ice thickness. The model‐simulated variables (i.e., snow depth, total freeboard, ice freeboard, ice thickness, and temperature) showed high correlations with the in situ or satellite measurements. In particular, the simulated temperatures were in excellent agreement with drifting buoy measurements. Since the nudging of the satellite‐derived temperature data into the model improved the thermal structure considerably, these data appear to be a key element for the successful simulation of other variables as well. Plain Language Abstract The forecast skill in the polar region is still much lower than for other regions in the globe. One of the main reasons is the poor surface characterization including the surface emissivity, which determines the degree of radiation emission at the surface. Aiming at providing necessary emissivity data over the Arctic Ocean, we developed a one‐dimensional thermodynamic vertical heat transfer model for simulating physical states of snow and ice (e.g., their distributions and depths, thermal states, grain sizes) during the winter. The comparison against in situ observations and satellite measurements indicates that the model can simulate well‐known regional characteristics and geographic distributions of the snow and ice, which can be utilized for improving the surface characterization of the snow and sea ice over the Arctic during the winter.
关键词：arctic sea ice;arctic snow;snow and ice depth simulation;thermodynamic heat transfer model