文章基本信息

标题：The Effectiveness of Parent Training Program in Teaching Domestic Skills to Individuals with Intellectual Disability
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作者：Funda ULUGÖL ; Atilla CAVKAYTAR
期刊名称：Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International
电子版ISSN：2146-4014
出版年度：2020
卷号：10
期号：2
页码：931-958
DOI：10.18039/ajesi.760299
出版社：Anadolu University
摘要：Zihin yetersizliği (ZY) olan bireylerin eğitiminde temel amaç onları günlük yaşamda başkalarına en az bağımlı olacak duruma getirmektedir. Bu amaçla okul programlarında çeşitli etkinliklere yer verilmektedir. Ancak, öğrenilen becerilerin doğal ortamlara transferinde sorunlar yaşanabilmektedir. Bu durumda doğal desteklerin sürece katılması önem kazanmaktadır. Bu desteklerden biri de anne baba dışında yakın akrabalardan biri olabilmektedir. Bu gerekçeyle aileleri ZY olan çocuğuna ev temizliği ve düzeni kapsamındaki becerileri öğretmede yeterli duruma getirmek amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından bir aile eğitimi programı geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma 22 yaşında orta düzeyde ZY olan bir birey ve bu bireyin 52 yaşındaki teyzesi ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın amacı, geliştirilen aile eğitim programını tamamlayan teyzenin gerçekleştirdiği öğretim çalışmalarının, ZY olan yeğenin ev temizliği ve ev düzeni becerilerini öğrenmedeki etkisini belirlemektir. Davranışlar arası çoklu yoklama modelinin kullanıldığı araştırma sonucunda birey belirlenen becerileri kazanmış ve kararlı veriye ulaşmıştır. İzleme verileri bireyin kazandığı becerileri koruduğunu göstermiştir. Teyze ipucunun giderek arttırılması yöntemini uygun ve güvenilir bir şekilde kullanmıştır. Bu durum doğal bir öğretim süreci sunan ipucunun giderek arttırılması yönteminin planlı ve kapsamlı bir eğitimle profesyoneller dışındaki kişiler tarafından güvenilir ve etkili bir şekilde kullanılabildiğini göstermektedir. Sosyal geçerlik verileri teyzenin aile eğitimi programına katılmaktan ve yeğenine bu becerileri kazandırabilmiş olmaktan dolayı memnun olduğunu göstermiştir. The main purpose in the education of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) makes them to be least dependent on others in daily life. For this purpose, various activities are included in school programs. However, there may be problems in the transfer of learned skills to natural environments. In this case, it is important to include natural supports in the process. One of these supports may be one of the close relatives other than parents. For this reason, a parent training program has been developed by the researchers in order to make families sufficient to teach their children with ID skills about house cleaning and tidying. The participants of the study were a 22 -year- old individual with moderate ID and his 52 -year - old aunt. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of the teaching activities carried out by the aunt, who completed the developed parent training program by teaching the house cleaning and tidying skills to her nephew with ID. As a result of the research using multiple probe design, the individual gained the determined skills and reached stable data. Following data showed that the individual preserved the skills he gained. The aunt used the method of least-to-most prompting appropriately and reliably. This shows that the method of least-to-most prompting which offers a natural teaching process, can be used reliably and effectively by people other than professionals with a planned and comprehensive training. Social validity data showed that the aunt was pleased to both participate in the program, and to be able to teach these skills that will always be useful to her nephew.
其他摘要：The main purpose in the education of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) makes them to be least dependent on others in daily life. For this purpose, various activities are included in school programs. However, there may be problems in the transfer of learned skills to natural environments. In this case, it is important to include natural supports in the process. One of these supports may be one of the close relatives other than parents. For this reason, a parent training program has been developed by the researchers in order to make families sufficient to teach their children with ID skills about house cleaning and tidying. The participants of the study were a 22 -year- old individual with moderate ID and his 52 -year - old aunt. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of the teaching activities carried out by the aunt, who completed the developed parent training program by teaching the house cleaning and tidying skills to her nephew with ID. As a result of the research using multiple probe design, the individual gained the determined skills and reached stable data. Following data showed that the individual preserved the skills he gained. The aunt used the method of least-to-most prompting appropriately and reliably. This shows that the method of least-to-most prompting which offers a natural teaching process, can be used reliably and effectively by people other than professionals with a planned and comprehensive training. Social validity data showed that the aunt was pleased to both participate in the program, and to be able to teach these skills that will always be useful to her nephew.
关键词：Zihin yetersizliği ;ipucunun giderek arttırılması ;aile eğitimi ;günlük yaşam becerileri ;akraba katılımı
其他关键词：Intellectual disability ;least-to-most prompting ;parent training ;daily life skills ;relative’s participation