摘要:Internal climate variability co‐exists with anthropogenic climate change and places limits on the accuracy of regional climate projections due to its inherent unpredictability. This “certain” uncertainty in regional projections introduced by internal variability contrasts with uncertainty resulting from structural differences amongst climate models, which is potentially reducible as climate models improve. Initial‐condition “Large Ensembles” of simulations with individual climate models provide a new perspective on the expected range of future climate change outcomes. Their value for climate risk assessment, adaptation management, and decision‐making has yet to be fully realized.
关键词:regional climate change;climate projections;internal climate variability;uncertainty in climate change projections;climate change risks;Earth System Model Large Ensembles