文章基本信息

标题：Microbial Communities in Methane Cycle: Modern Molecular Methods Gain Insights into Their Global Ecology
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作者：Sergey Kharitonov ; Mikhail Semenov ; Alexander Sabrekov 等
期刊名称：Environments
电子版ISSN：2076-3298
出版年度：2021
卷号：8
期号：2
页码：16
DOI：10.3390/environments8020016
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：The role of methane as a greenhouse gas in the concept of global climate changes is well known. Methanogens and methanotrophs are two microbial groups which contribute to the biogeochemical methane cycle in soil, so that the total emission of CH4 is the balance between its production and oxidation by microbial communities. Traditional identification techniques, such as selective enrichment and pure-culture isolation, have been used for a long time to study diversity of methanogens and methanotrophs. However, these techniques are characterized by significant limitations, since only a relatively small fraction of the microbial community could be cultured. Modern molecular methods for quantitative analysis of the microbial community such as real-time PCR (Polymerase chain reaction), DNA fingerprints and methods based on high-throughput sequencing together with different “omics” techniques overcome the limitations imposed by culture-dependent approaches and provide new insights into the diversity and ecology of microbial communities in the methane cycle. Here, we review available knowledge concerning the abundances, composition, and activity of methanogenic and methanotrophic communities in a wide range of natural and anthropogenic environments. We suggest that incorporation of microbial data could fill the existing microbiological gaps in methane flux modeling, and significantly increase the predictive power of models for different environments.
关键词：methane; greenhouse gases; microbial communities; high-throughput sequencing; mcrA; pmoA; methanogens; methanotrophs methane ; greenhouse gases ; microbial communities ; high-throughput sequencing ; mcrA ; pmoA ; methanogens ; methanotrophs