摘要:Fish diversity of Nepal has been poorly studied or understood relative to other fauna, so a lot of study is still required to have a better fish diversity profile. We investigated ichthyofaunal diversity on one of the unexplored rivers, Dewmai Khola which lies in mid-hill region of Ilam district in eastern Nepal. Fishes were collected from three sampling sites in day time by using a cast net with the help of local fisherman. The field visits were performed from December2015 to September 2016. A total of 16 fish species belonging to 3 orders, 6 families and 11genera have been recorded. The Cypriniformes was the dominant order represented by 3families: 1) Cyprinidae with 7 species ( Cirrhinus mrigala, Barilius barila, B. bendelisis, Bengalaelanga , Danio aequipinnatus, Schizothoraichthys labiatus and Garra gotyla ), 2) Cobitidae with5 species ( Schistura multifasciatus, S. horai, S. scaturigina, S. savona and S. rupecula ) and3) Psilorhynchidae with a single species Psilorhynchus pseudecheneis. The Perciformes was represented by two families with a single species in each: Belontidae ( Colisa fasciatus ) and Channidae ( Channa stewartii ). The Siluriformes was represented by a single family Sisoridae with a single species Glyptothorax pectinopterus .