文章基本信息

标题：Evolution of the Human Diet and Its Impact on Gut Microbiota, Immune Responses, and Brain Health
本地全文：下载
作者：Brigitte M. González Olmo ; Michael J. Butler ; Ruth M. Barrientos 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2021
卷号：13
期号：1
页码：196
DOI：10.3390/nu13010196
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：The relatively rapid shift from consuming preagricultural wild foods for thousands of years, to consuming postindustrial semi-processed and ultra-processed foods endemic of the Western world less than 200 years ago did not allow for evolutionary adaptation of the commensal microbial species that inhabit the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and this has significantly impacted gut health. The human gut microbiota, the diverse and dynamic population of microbes, has been demonstrated to have extensive and important interactions with the digestive, immune, and nervous systems. Western diet-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been shown to negatively impact human digestive physiology, to have pathogenic effects on the immune system, and, in turn, cause exaggerated neuroinflammation. Given the tremendous amount of evidence linking neuroinflammation with neural dysfunction, it is no surprise that the Western diet has been implicated in the development of many diseases and disorders of the brain, including memory impairments, neurodegenerative disorders, and depression. In this review, we discuss each of these concepts to understand how what we eat can lead to cognitive and psychiatric diseases.
关键词：human diet evolution; microbiota; gut dysbiosis; neuroinflammation; neurodegeneration; depression; aging human diet evolution ; microbiota ; gut dysbiosis ; neuroinflammation ; neurodegeneration ; depression ; aging