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标题：Gut Microbiota as Important Mediator Between Diet and DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in the Host
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作者：Patrizia D’Aquila ; Laurie Lynn Carelli ; Francesco De Rango 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2020
卷号：12
期号：3
页码：597-618
DOI：10.3390/nu12030597
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem consisting of trillions of microorganisms that inhabit symbiotically on and in the human intestine. They carry out, through the production of a series of metabolites, many important metabolic functions that complement the activity of mammalian enzymes and play an essential role in host digestion. Interindividual variability of microbiota structure, and consequently of the expression of its genes (microbiome), was largely ascribed to the nutritional regime. Diet influences microbiota composition and function with short- and long-term effects. In spite of the vast literature, molecular mechanisms underlying these effects still remain elusive. In this review, we summarized the current evidence on the role exerted by gut microbiota and, more specifically, by its metabolites in the establishment of the host epigenome. The interest in this topic stems from the fact that, by modulating DNA methylation and histone modifications, the gut microbiota does affect the cell activities of the hosting organism.
关键词：gut microbiota; microbiome; diet; DNA methylation; histone modification; host epigenome gut microbiota ; microbiome ; diet ; DNA methylation ; histone modification ; host epigenome