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标题：Human Milk Omega-3 Fatty Acid Composition Is Associated with Infant Temperament
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作者：Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook ; Adi Fish ; Laura M. Glynn 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2019
卷号：11
期号：12
页码：2964-2975
DOI：10.3390/nu11122964
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：There is growing evidence that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty-acids (PUFAs) are important for the brain development in childhood and are necessary for an optimal health in adults. However, there have been no studies examining how the n-3 PUFA composition of human milk influences infant behavior or temperament. To fill this knowledge gap, 52 breastfeeding mothers provided milk samples at 3 months postpartum and completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ-R), a widely used parent-report measure of infant temperament. Milk was assessed for n-3 PUFAs and omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs using gas-liquid chromatography. The total fat and the ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids in milk were also examined. Linear regression models revealed that infants whose mothers’ milk was richer in n-3 PUFAs had lower scores on the negative affectivity domain of the IBQ-R, a component of temperament associated with a risk for internalizing disorders later in life. These associations remained statistically significant after considering covariates, including maternal age, marital status, and infant birth weight. The n-6 PUFAs, n-6/n-3 ratio, and total fat of milk were not associated with infant temperament. These results suggest that mothers may have the ability to shape the behavior of their offspring by adjusting the n-3 PUFA composition of their milk.
关键词：breastfeeding; breast milk; temperament; fatty acids; LC-PUFA; omega-3; omega-6; DHA; AA; children; early life nutrition breastfeeding ; breast milk ; temperament ; fatty acids ; LC-PUFA ; omega-3 ; omega-6 ; DHA ; AA ; children ; early life nutrition