文章基本信息

标题：The Potential Influence of the Bacterial Microbiome on the Development and Progression of ADHD
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作者：Stephanie Bull-Larsen ; M. Hasan Mohajeri
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2019
卷号：11
期号：11
页码：2805-2829
DOI：10.3390/nu11112805
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：The latest research cumulates staggering information about the correlation between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and neurodevelopmental disorders. This review aims to shed light on the potential influence of the microbiome on the development of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disease, attention-deficit-hyperactive disorder (ADHD). As the etiology and pathophysiology of ADHD are still unclear, finding viable biomarkers and effective treatment still represent a challenge. Therefore, we focused on factors that have been associated with a higher risk of developing ADHD, while simultaneously influencing the microbial composition. We reviewed the effect of a differing microbial makeup on neurotransmitter concentrations important in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Additionally, we deduced factors that correlate with a high prevalence of ADHD, while simultaneously affecting the gut microbiome, such as emergency c-sections, and premature birth as the former leads to a decrease of the gut microbial diversity and the latter causes neuroprotective Lactobacillus levels to be reduced. Also, we assessed nutritional influences, such as breastfeeding, ingestion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the host′s microbiome and development of ADHD. Finally, we discussed the potential significance of Bifidobacterium as a biomarker for ADHD, the importance of preventing premature birth as prophylaxis and nutrition as a prospective therapeutic measurement against ADHD.
关键词：microbiome; microbiota-gut-brain axis; ADHD; attention-deficit-hyperactive-disorder microbiome ; microbiota-gut-brain axis ; ADHD ; attention-deficit-hyperactive-disorder