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标题：The Effects of Nut Consumption on Vascular Function
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作者：Samantha Morgillo ; Alison M. Hill ; Alison M. Coates 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2019
卷号：11
期号：1
页码：116-129
DOI：10.3390/nu11010116
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Vascular stiffness can be measured using numerous techniques including assessments of central haemodynamics, aortic arterial stiffness, and indices of aortic wave reflection and endothelial dilatation. Impaired vascular function is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Epidemiological studies indicate that regular nut consumption reduces CVD risk, with one of the proposed mechanisms being via improvements in vascular function. This narrative review summarizes the evidence from a systematic search of the literature of the effects of tree nut and peanut consumption on measures of vascular function excluding flow mediated dilatation. A total of 16 studies were identified, with a mix of acute controlled studies (n = 3), an uncontrolled pre/post chronic study (n = 1), chronic crossover (n = 7) and parallel studies (n = 5). Nut types tested included almonds, peanuts, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts, with dose and length of supplementation varying greatly across studies. Most studies (n = 13) included individuals at risk for CVD, according to various criteria. Findings were inconsistent, with ten studies reporting no significant changes in vascular function and six studies (one acute and five chronic studies) reporting improvements in at least one measure of vascular function. In summary, nuts have the potential to improve vascular function and future studies should consider the population, dose and length of nut supplementation as well as suitability of the different vascular function techniques.
关键词：tree nuts; peanuts; arterial stiffness; vascular reactivity; cardiovascular disease risk tree nuts ; peanuts ; arterial stiffness ; vascular reactivity ; cardiovascular disease risk