文章基本信息

标题：Longitudinal investigation of the relationships between trauma exposure, post-migration stress, sleep disturbance, and mental health in Syrian refugees
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作者：July Lies ; Sean P. A. Drummond ; Laura Jobson 等
期刊名称：European Journal of Psychotraumatology
印刷版ISSN：2000-8198
电子版ISSN：2000-8066
出版年度：2020
卷号：11
期号：1
页码：1-12
DOI：10.1080/20008198.2020.1825166
出版社：Taylor & Francis Group
摘要：Background : High prevalence of sleep disturbance, which is associated with poor mental health, has been observed among non-treatment seeking refugees. However, no longitudinal research has investigated the chronicity of untreated sleep disturbance and its impact on refugees’ mental health. Objective : This longitudinal study investigated associations between mental health (posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression), sleep symptoms (insomnia severity, pre-sleep arousal), and factors predicting mental health, over a 12-month period. Method : Syrian refugees ( N = 69) from a cross-sectional study (Time 1) participated in the current 12-month (Time 2) follow-up study. Participants completed a series of questionnaires examining sleep, trauma exposure, post-migration living difficulties, and mental health at both time points. Results : When compared to Time 1, participants showed a significant increase in post-migration stress at Time 2. However, there was an improvement in their mental health and levels of sleep disturbance. Half of the participants met criteria for moderate (36%) or severe sleep disturbance (15%) at Time 2. Forty-two per cent of the participants had moderate to severe sleep disturbance at both Time 1 and Time 2. When predicting mental health at 12-month follow-up, only pre-sleep arousal at Time 1 uniquely predicted mental health at Time 2. Mediation analysis indicated that change in pre-sleep arousal (from Time 1 to Time 2) significantly mediated the relationship between change in post-migration stress and change in mental health symptoms. Conclusions : This study demonstrated that sleep symptoms have an indirect and long-term impact on mental health among refugees. Understanding modifiable factors, such as sleep, mediating the relationship between trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms is important, as such factors can be targeted in psychological interventions for refugees. HIGHLIGHTS: • 42% of refugees residing in a high-income country continued to report insomnia at 12-months follow-up. • Pre-sleep arousal was a unique predictor of long-term PTSD, anxiety, and depression symptoms. • Sleep mediated the relationship between post-migration stress and mental health.
关键词：Sleep disturbance ; insomnia ; pre-sleep arousal ; Syrian ; refugee ; PTSD ; post-migration stress