文章基本信息

标题：Can 4-H Involvement Have a Positive Impact on 4-H Youth’s Bullying Beliefs and Behaviors?
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作者：Dennis W. Duncan ; Brittany Johnson ; Nicholas E. Fuhrman 等
期刊名称：Journal of Youth Development
电子版ISSN：2325-4017
出版年度：2016
卷号：11
期号：2
页码：1-10
DOI：10.5195/JYD.2016.442
出版社：University Library System, University of Pittsburgh
摘要：Bullying has negative emotional and physical effects on youth which often continues into adulthood. Bullying can contribute to emotional distress which is often more difficult to detect in victims. Documented effects of bullying include depression, anxiety, bitterness, elevated levels of stress, as well as negative feelings of self-image and low self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact that involvement in the state 4-H program has on bullying beliefs and behaviors. This study found that 94% of the participants (senior high students) agreed that 4-H helped them to shape their belief towards bullying; 84% either agreed or strongly agreed that 4-H has helped them be more confident around strangers; and 93% indicated that 4-H helped them to gain confidence in situations so they could speak up for themselves.