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标题：1991 and networked interoperability
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作者：Birte Christensen-Dalsgaard
期刊名称：LIBER Quarterly - Journal of European Research Libraries
印刷版ISSN：2213-056X
出版年度：2016
卷号：26
期号：4
页码：273-295
DOI：10.18352/lq.10203
出版社：Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals
摘要：1991, the year of the first call in the Libraries Programme, was a very different time&59; the network infrastructure was being built, computers were becoming more powerful, and the information society was being formed based on different technological solutions. Standards (SR, Z39.50, HTML, MP3) and protocols (TCP/IP, OSI) as to how bits should be transported and interpreted, how programs on computers should communicate and how one could find the relevant information (WAIS, Gopher, WWW) were being developed, tested and deployed. Questions were asked that pushed boundaries, experiments were conducted, which delivered new possibilities, and progress on standardization was made. Much happened in the 1990s in a short time span.
关键词：history of information society; network protocols; OSI; TCP/IP; Libraries programme