摘要:Both in developmental psychology and in linguistics,the child's storytelling is an interesting topic of research from the point of view of evaluating the child's level of speech development,especially of its pragmatic component,and from the point of view of teaching and learning in the preschool period.In the present study,children's storytelling in different situational contexts was analyzed and evaluated: with a picture book without any text,after listening to a text from a picture book,and after a suggested story beginning (ie.,with the introductory sentence given to them).The sample included children of three age groups,approximately 4,6 and 8 years;each age group had approximately the same numbers of boys and girls.A total of over 300 stories were collected,which were subsequently analyzed and evaluated using a set of story developmental level criteria.Two key criteria were used: story coherence and cohesion.Comparisons by age and gender,as well as by context of storytelling,show significant developmental differences in story content and structure for different age groups,and the important role of storytelling context.Differences in storytelling between boys and girls did not prove statistically significant.The findings also suggest new options and approaches for further stimulations of speech development within preschool and primary school curricula might be considered.
其他摘要:Otrokovo pripovedovanje zgodbe je v razvojnopsihološki in jezikoslovni znanosti zanimivo z vidika ocenjevanja otrokove razvojne ravni govora,zlasti pragmatične komponente govora,in z vidika poučevanja in učenja v predšolskem obdobju.V predstavljeni raziskavi smo analizirale in ocenile zgodbe otrok,ki so jih ti pripovedovali v različnih pogojih,to je ob slikanici brez besed,po poslušanju besedila iz slikanice in po posredovanem začetku zgodbe,to je uvodnem stavku.V vzorec smo vključile otroke treh starostnih skupin,in sicer otroke,stare približno 4,6 in 8 let;v vsaki starostni skupini je bilo približno polovica deklic in polovica dečkov.Zbrale smo več kot 300 zgodb,ki smo jih analizirale in ocenile na osnovi izdelanih kriterijev za ocenjevanje razvojne ravni zgodbe,pri čemer smo upoštevale dva ključna kriterija ocenjevanja: koherentnost in kohezivnost zgodbe.Dobljeni rezultati,ki so nam omogočili primerjave glede na starost in spol otrok ter kontekst,v katerem so otroci pripovedovali zgodbo,kažejo na pomembne razvojne razlike v vsebini in strukturi zgodbe med različno starimi otroki in na pomembno vlogo konteksta,v katerem otroci pripovedujejo zgodbe.Razlike v pripovedovanju zgodb med deklicami in dečki se niso izkazale kot pomembne.Dobljeni rezultati nam omogočajo tudi nekatere dodatne razmisleke o možnostih in pristopih za dodatno spodbujanje govornega razvoja znotraj kurikula za vrtce oz.učnih načrtov v šoli.