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标题：Fault weakening caused by smectite swelling
本地全文：下载
作者：Jun Kameda ; Masaoki Uno ; Marianne Conin 等
期刊名称：Earth, Planets and Space
电子版ISSN：1880-5981
出版年度：2019
卷号：71
期号：1
页码：1-7
DOI：10.1186/s40623-019-1108-5
出版社：Springer Verlag
摘要：The large slip along the shallow subduction interface during the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Mw 9.0) caused a huge tsunami that struck the northeast coast of Honshu, Japan. The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 JFAST program revealed that the fault zone is composed primarily of smectite. Our swelling experiments using the fault material demonstrated that the swelling pressure systematically increases with a decrease in sample porosity. Based on in situ porosity estimations in the IODP borehole, the swelling pressure of the fault is as high as 8 MPa, which is comparable to the effective normal stress at the drill site (~ 7 MPa). This also suggests that the modified effective confining pressure of the fault is quite low or potentially zero, meaning that fault strength is governed mainly by cohesion rather than frictional strength. The fault may therefore be intrinsically weak, which could enhance the coseismic displacement toward the trench when earthquake slip propagates from depth.
关键词：2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake; Fault strength; Smectite; Swelling