摘要:This research applies a Vector error correction model to investigate the long-run and short-run effects of gross domestic product (GDP), energy consumption, foreign direct investment (FDI), and trade openness on CO 2 emissions. The findings indicate that in the long run, GDP growth per capita has a negative influence on CO 2 emission. Energy consumption and trade openness negatively affect CO 2 emission. The foreign direct investment as the percentage of GDP in a long time has a positive relationship with CO 2 emission. Furthermore, the short-run GDP per capita affects CO 2 -emission with two-year lags and energy consumption influences CO2 emission with a one-year lag. These observations have many implications for policy-makers in issuing the FDI policy in Vietnam in recent times and considering the impact of economic development on protecting the sustainable growth in the long-run.
关键词:CO 2 emissions; Energy consumption; GDP; Trade openness