摘要:The article described the difficulty to spot specific suppliers that feed the targeted customers in a closed-loop supply chain. When managers had difficulties in identifying the role of suppliers in a supply chain network, several possible situations might appear, such as redundant supply that led to both over and undersupply situations. The article also portrayed a course of an evaluative process underlies the network design decisions in a closed-loop electricity supply system. The case research, as presented in the article, was based on an archival data examination, literature review, structured interviews, and observations on the field operations of the electricity distribution system in Indonesia’s main islands. The research findings revealed that the distribution network within the closed-loop supply chain system was suggested to implement two stages decisions; started with local optimization analysis and followed by unified solution among all local optimal solutions. Such an approach arguably would reduce redundant supply as well as minimizing both over and undersupply in the system. For practical implications the article demonstrated the possibility of drawing the false conclusion when transmission costs were ignored in the supply chain-design decision analysis, as exhibited in the Indonesia electricity supply network.