文章基本信息

标题：ФЕНОМЕН «СПЕЦЕЕДСТВА» В РАННЕМ СОВЕТСКОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ (ПО ПИСЬМАМ В РЕДАКЦИЮ «РАБОЧЕЙ ГАЗЕТЫ» 1922-1928 ГГ.)
其他标题：PHENOMENON OF “SPECIALIST-BAITING” IN EARLY SOVIET SOCIETY (BASED ON LETTER MATERIAL TO THE «RABOCHAYA GAZETA» NEWSPAPER OFFICE IN 1922-1928)
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作者：V I Kim ; Ким Владимир Игоревич
期刊名称：RUDN Journal of Russian History
印刷版ISSN：2312-8674
电子版ISSN：2312-8690
出版年度：2016
卷号：15
期号：1
页码：48-55
摘要：В статье рассматривается феномен «спецеедства», активно проявившийся в ранней истории советского общества на фоне непростой внутриполитической ситуации. Данное явление приобрело «исторический смысл» сразу после Октябрьской революции и достигло своего пика на рубеже «великого перелома» в конце 1920-х - начале 1930-х гг. Автор ставит вопрос о правомочности существования точки зрения, согласно которой власть рассматривается как изолированная от общества сила, и наличии/отсутствии общественной поддержки действиям властей, связанных с репрессиями, которые были направлены против специалистов в инженерно-технической сфере.
其他摘要：This article deals with the phenomenon of «specialist-baiting» that actively developed in the early history of the Soviet Union due to the difficult conditions of home politics. This phenomenon obtained its new meaning just after the October Revolution and reached the peak of its development between the 1920-1930s. The conflict between workers and specialists should be valued in the contest of the «revolutionary spirit» of the epoch of socialist transformations. The historically based phenomenon of «specialist-baiting» was one of the reasons that were driving the country to the processes of repressions that in the most cases are associated only with the despotism of power. Real industrial problems and conflicts between workers and “old” specialists and managers existed at all the enterprises and were exploited by the government. At the same time the objective existence of that kind of conflicts increased by 1928-1929 that is proved by the fact that workers wrote about it to the main newspaper editorial offices straight from the working place. This fact does demonstrate that the proletariat followed the political course of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Ultimately, the New Economic Policy, having used the NEP crisis and the workers and promoted bureaucratic apparatus appeals, gave the way to the politics of industrialization and collectivization.
关键词：власть;советское общество;социализм;НЭП;«письма во власть»;«спецеедство»;пролетариат;интеллигенция
其他关键词：power;Soviet society;socialism;NEP;«letters to the power»;«specialist-baiting»;proletariat;intelligentsia