文章基本信息

标题：Direction of effects in categorical variables: Looking inside the table
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作者：Alexander von Eye ; Wolfgang Wiedermann
期刊名称：Journal for Person-Oriented Research
印刷版ISSN：2002-0244
电子版ISSN：2003-0177
出版年度：2017
卷号：3
期号：1
页码：11-27
DOI：10.17505/jpor.2017.02
出版社：Lund University Library
摘要：In the variable-oriented domain, direction of dependence analysis of metric variables is defined in terms of changes that the independent (or causal) variable has on the univariate distribution of the dependent variable. In this article, we take a person-oriented perspective and extend this approach in two aspects, for categorical variables. First, instead of looking at univariate frequency distributions, direction dependence is defined in terms of special interactions. That is, direction dependence is defined as a process that can be detected “inside the table” instead of in its marginals. Second, the present approach takes an event-based perspective. That is, direction of effect is defined for individual categories of variables instead of the entire range of possible scores (or categories). Log-linear models are presented that allow researchers to test the corresponding hypotheses. Simulation studies illustrate characteristics and performance of these models. An empirical ex-ample investigates whether there is truth to the adage that money does not buy happiness. Extensions and limitations are discussed.
其他摘要：In the variable-oriented domain, direction of dependence analysis of metric variables is defined in terms of changes that the independent (or causal) variable has on the univariate distribution of the dependent variable. In this article, we take a person-oriented perspective and extend this approach in two aspects, for categorical variables. First, instead of looking at univariate frequency distributions, direction dependence is defined in terms of special interactions. That is, direction dependence is defined as a process that can be detected “inside the table” instead of in its marginals. Second, the present approach takes an event-based perspective. That is, direction of effect is defined for individual categories of variables instead of the entire range of possible scores (or categories). Log-linear models are presented that allow researchers to test the corresponding hypotheses. Simulation studies illustrate characteristics and performance of these models. An empirical ex-ample investigates whether there is truth to the adage that money does not buy happiness. Extensions and limitations are discussed.
关键词：Direction dependence; direction of effect; categorical data; log-linear model
其他关键词：Direction dependence;direction of effect;categorical data;log-linear model