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标题：Immunotoxin SS1P is rapidly removed by proximal tubule cells of kidney, whose damage contributes to albumin loss in urine
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作者：Xui-Fen Liu ; Junxia Wei ; Qi Zhou 等
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2020
卷号：117
期号：11
页码：6086-6091
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1919038117
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Recombinant immunotoxins (RITs) are chimeric proteins composed of an Fv and a protein toxin being developed for cancer treatment. The Fv brings the toxin to the cancer cell, but most of the RITs do not reach the tumor and are removed by other organs. To identify cells responsible for RIT removal, and the pathway by which RITs reach these cells, we studied SS1P, a 63-kDa RIT that targets mesothelin-expressing tumors and has a short serum half-life. The major organs that remove RIT were identified by live mouse imaging of RIT labeled with FNIR-Z-759. Cells responsible for SS1P removal were identified by immunohistochemistry and intravital two-photon microscopy of kidneys of rats. The primary organ of SS1P removal is kidney followed by liver. In the kidney, SS1P passes through the glomerulus, is taken up by proximal tubular cells, and transferred to lysosomes. In the liver, macrophages are involved in removal. The short half-life of SS1P is due to its very rapid filtration by the kidney followed by degradation in proximal tubular cells of the kidney. In mice treated with SS1P, proximal tubular cells are damaged and albumin in the urine is increased. SS1P uptake by kidney is reduced by coadministration of l -lysine. Our data suggests that l -lysine administration to humans might prevent SS1P-mediated kidney damage, reduce albumin loss in urine, and alleviate capillary leak syndrome.
关键词：half-life ; proximal tubule ; mesothelin ; cancer ; CLS