文章基本信息

标题：Glacier changes in the Garhwal Himalaya, India, from 1968 to 2006 based on remote sensing
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作者：Rakesh Bhambri ; Tobias Bolch ; Ravinder Kumar Chaujar 等
期刊名称：Journal of Glaciology
印刷版ISSN：0022-1430
电子版ISSN：1727-5652
出版年度：2011
卷号：57
期号：203
页码：543-556
DOI：10.3189/002214311796905604
出版社：Cambridge University Press
摘要：Glacier outlines are mapped for the upper Bhagirathi and Saraswati/Alaknanda basins of the Garhwal Himalaya using Corona and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite images acquired in 1968 and 2006, respectively. A subset of glaciers was also mapped using Landsat TM images acquired in 1990. Glacier area decreased from 599.9 ± 15.6 km 2 (1968) to 572.5 ± 18.0 km 2 (2006), a loss of 4.6 ± 2.8%. Glaciers in the Saraswati/Alaknanda basin and upper Bhagirathi basin lost 18.4 ± 9.0 km 2 (5.7 ± 2.7%) and 9.0 ± 7.7 km 2 (3.3 ± 2.8%), respectively, from 1968 to 2006. Garhwal Himalayan glacier retreat rates are lower than previously reported. More recently (1990–2006), recession rates have increased. The number of glaciers in the study region increased from 82 in 1968 to 88 in 2006 due to fragmentation of glaciers. Smaller glaciers (<1 km 2 ) lost 19.4 ± 2.5% (0.51 ± 0.07% a −150 km 2 ) which lost 2.8 ± 2.7% (0.074 ± 0.071 % a −1 ). From 1968 to 2006, the debris-covered glacier area increased by 17.8 ± 3.1% (0.46 ± 0.08% a −1 ) in the Saraswati/Alaknanda basin and 11.8 ± 3.0% (0.31 ± 0.08% a −1 ) in the upper Bhagirathi basin. Climate records from Mukhim (∼1900 m a.s.l.) and Bhojbasa (∼3780 m a.s.l.) meteorological stations were used to analyze climate conditions and trends, but the data are too limited to make firm conclusions regarding glacier–climate interactions.