文章基本信息

标题：Evidence synthesis – Neighbourhood retail food outlet access, diet and body mass index in Canada: a systematic review
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作者：Andrew C. Stevenson ; Anne-Sophie Brazeau ; Kaberi Dasgupta 等
期刊名称：Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada
印刷版ISSN：1925-6515
电子版ISSN：1925-6523
出版年度：2019
卷号：39
期号：10
页码：1-31
DOI：10.24095/hpcdp.39.10.01
出版社：Public Health Agency of Canada
摘要：Introduction: There is growing interest in the role of food environments in suboptimal diet and overweight and obesity. This review assesses the evidence for the link between the retail food environment, diet quality and body mass index (BMI) in the Canadian population. Methods: We conducted a systematic keyword search in two bibliometric databases. We tabulated proportions of conclusive associations for each outcome and exposure of interest. Absolute and relative measures of exposure to the food environment were compared and theoretical framing of the associations noted. We assessed two key methodological issues identified a priori—measurement of BMI, and validation of the underlying retail food environment data. Results: Seventeen studies were included in the review. There was little evidence of a food environment–diet quality relationship and modest evidence of a food environment–BMI relationship. Relative measures of the food environment were more often associated with an outcome in the expected direction than absolute measures, but many results were inconclusive. Most studies adopted ecological theoretical frameworks but methodologies were similar regardless of stated theoretical approaches. Self-reported BMI was common and there was no “gold standard” database of food outlets nor a consensus on best ways to validate the data. Conclusion: There was limited evidence of a relationship between the food environment and diet quality, but stronger evidence of a relationship between the food environment and BMI for Canadians. Studies with broad geographic scope that adopt innovative methods to measure diet and health outcomes and use relative measures of the food environment derived in geographic information systems are warranted. Consensus on a gold standard food environment database and approaches to its validation would also advance the field.
关键词：retail food environment; body mass index; diet quality; systematic review; Canada