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标题：Structure and function of an unusual flavodoxin from the domain Archaea
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作者：Divya Prakash ; Prashanti R. Iyer ; Suharti Suharti 等
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2019
卷号：116
期号：51
页码：25917-25922
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1908578116
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：Flavodoxins, electron transfer proteins essential for diverse metabolisms in microbes from the domain Bacteria , are extensively characterized. Remarkably, although genomic annotations of flavodoxins are widespread in microbes from the domain Archaea , none have been isolated and characterized. Herein is described the structural, biochemical, and physiological characterization of an unusual flavodoxin (FldA) from Methanosarcina acetivorans , an acetate-utilizing methane-producing microbe of the domain Archaea . In contrast to all flavodoxins, FldA is homodimeric, markedly less acidic, and stabilizes an anionic semiquinone. The crystal structure reveals an flavin mononucleotide (FMN) binding site unique from all other flavodoxins that provides a rationale for stabilization of the anionic semiquinone and a remarkably low reduction potentials for both the oxidized/semiquinone (−301 mV) and semiquinone/hydroquinone couples (−464 mV). FldA is up-regulated in acetate-grown versus methanol-grown cells and shown here to substitute for ferredoxin in mediating the transfer of low potential electrons from the carbonyl of acetate to the membrane-bound electron transport chain that generates ion gradients driving ATP synthesis. FldA offers potential advantages over ferredoxin by ( i ) sparing iron for abundant iron-sulfur proteins essential for acetotrophic growth and ( ii ) resilience to oxidative damage.
关键词：electron transport ; methanogenesis ; anaerobic ; greenhouse gas ; global warming