We sought factors affecting amblyopia recurrence after successful treatment. Methods

We included 117 patients with amblyopia. Patients were divided into recurrence and non-recurrence groups. We analyzed sex, age, amblyopia type, treatment duration, visual acuity, and binocular status. Results

Of the 117 patients, 25 (21.4%) experienced recurrences. In that group, 60.0% of patients (compared to 14.1% of the no-recurrence group) exhibited high-frequency strabismus ( p < 0.001). The recurrence group were younger than the no-recurrence group at both the beginning and end of treatment ( p < 0.05). None of visual acuity at treatment commencement or end, stereoacuity, or suppression affected amblyopia recurrence. Conclusions

Recurrent amblyopia is frequent after initial successful treatment if the patient exhibits strabismus or is young.