文章基本信息

标题：Planning Theory or Planning Theories? The Hydra Model and its Implications for Planning Education
其他标题：Planning Theory or Planning Theories? The Hydra Model and its Implications for Planning Education
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作者：António Ferreira ; Olivier Sykes ; Peter Batey 等
期刊名称：Higher Education Pedagogies
电子版ISSN：2375-2696
出版年度：2009
卷号：4
期号：2
页码：29-54
DOI：10.11120/jebe.2009.04020029
出版社：Taylor and Francis Ltd
摘要：This paper critically examines the idea that planning theory experiences major theoretical shifts. Through a consideration of contributions from several academics, it is shown that different theoretical standpoints in planning persist and coexist. A model is proposed to aid understanding of this situation: the Hydra Model. This model views planning as a discipline in which several standpoints maintain a competitive interaction. This is positive: it is the best way to promote lively dialogue and to develop new understandings. However it is considered negative for planners to adopt a single standpoint. Theories are presented as tools for good practice, not as something to which planners should commit. In aiming for the emergence of this type of planner — an individual capable of flowing from one theory to another according to a discretionary view of particular situations — some suggestions for planning education are presented.
关键词：Paradigms ; Interdisciplinary ; Theory ; Polyrationality ; Planning Curriculum ; Invariance