文章基本信息

标题：身体運動の外乱予測能力に関する基礎的研究
其他标题：A Fundamental Study on the Anticipative Function of Physical Movements
本地全文：下载
作者：永田晟 ; 北本拓
期刊名称：体育学研究
印刷版ISSN：0484-6710
电子版ISSN：1881-7718
出版年度：1976
卷号：20
期号：5
页码：269-279
DOI：10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003405502
语种：Japanese
出版社：Japan Society of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences
摘要：運動の外乱予測能力の基礎的データを得るために, 実験室にて前腕部の前後運動による追跡運動と, 一定値保持による静止状態を課し, その時に急激な外乱状態を作り, 外乱に対する身体の応答の様相から, 予測動作の基礎的な特性を把握しようとした. 追跡運動を動的な実験とし, 一定値保持状態を静的な実験とし, それぞれに外乱を与え, 予測能力の速応性とできばえ, 並びに筋肉ゲインの高まりの三方向から検討を加えた. その結果, 静的な動作中での外乱予測では, 規則的に外乱を導入すると人間の予測能力(速応性, できばえ)の顕著な向上がみられ, 約25回の試行の時が最も予測能力が発揮された. 動的な動作中での外乱予測では, 0.4Hz, すなわち, 2.5sec周期の目標矩形波での追跡運動が, 最も優れた予測能力を発揮した. 両動作ともに, 外部からの負荷の導入時点, すなわち, 前腕部の屈曲方向の運動時に顕著な予測能力が発揮された. さらに, 動的な動作中, 予測能力が存在する時は, 屈筋よりも伸筋の積分筋放電量が大きい値を示した.
其他摘要：The purpose of this study was to obtain materials and data of the anticipative function of forearm upon the motor external disturbance. Subjects are requested to pursue one beam in the CRO or to hold one beam in the same position and are forced to move or td keep their forearm still for the anteroposterior direction horizontally. Suddenly in this movement, many kinds of external disturbances were added to the motor system of Subjects. Responses against disturbances were utilized as the data of anticipative function and fundamental characteristics of this function were analyzed according to the automatic control theory. Furthermore, two kinds of motor disturbances which were brought about two anticipative function of dynamic and static nature are discussed and analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. Quickness and performance in the anticipative function were remarkably elevated at the midway of movement courses, when the regular interval disturbance was added to static holding. But irregular interval disturbances did not have the effect of the improvement in this function. 2. In the dynamic frequency tracking, the anticipative performance showed the most optimal record at the rectangular wave of 0.4Hz. 3. Comparing two movements pattern of forearm, such as the elbow extension and flexion, the anticipative quickness of the latter clearly displayed more speedy result than that of the former. 4. When the anticipative function existed in the tracking response, integrated EMG of the flexor muscles had larger voltage than that of the extensor.