文章基本信息

标题：少年の運動に対する循環反応の特徴と持久性評価に関する生理学的研究
其他标题：Physiological Studies on Cardiorespiratory Functions to Exercise and Validity of Endurance Tests in l0-year-old Boys
本地全文：下载
作者：吉田敬義 ; 石河利寛
期刊名称：体育学研究
印刷版ISSN：0484-6710
电子版ISSN：1881-7718
出版年度：1977
卷号：21
期号：5
页码：255-263
DOI：10.5432/jjpehss.KJ00003392523
语种：Japanese
出版社：Japan Society of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences
摘要：25名の少年(平均10.2歳)と19名の青年(平均21.6歳)とを用いて, 自転車エルゴメーターによる最大運動時の酸素摂取量, 心拍数, 心拍出量, 1回心拍出量および動静脈酸素較差を測定した. また, 少年にはステップテストと800m走を実施した. 最大運動時における少年の呼吸循環機能は青年と比べて著しく差があった. 安静に対する最大運動時の酸素摂取量の増加率は少年で6.54倍, 青年で9.91倍と青年の方が著しく大きかった. これは1回心拍出量の増加率が少年と青年で等しいが, 心拍数と動静脈酸素較差の増加率が青年の方が大きいためである. また, 青年の大きな最大酸素摂取量は1回心拍抽出量の大きさに依存するものと考えられた. さらに, 青年と少年で体重当りの最大酸素摂取量が同じであるのは, 体重当りの最大1回心拍抽出量に差がみられず, 最高心拍数と最大動静脈酸素較差とが相補っているためであろう. 少年の持久性評価の指標として, 体重当りの最大酸素摂取量と最も相関の高い体重当りのPWC_<170>がすぐれていると思われた. 次いで, 持久走であった. ステップテストの得点は回復期の影響を受け, 持久性評価のテストとしては妥当性が低い.
其他摘要：The purpose of the present study was to clarify the cardiorespiratory response to exercise, by comparing the boy's hemodynamic responses to the submaximal and maximal exercises with the adults' responses, and to determine the validity of cardiorespiratory tests for boys. Oxygen intake, heart rate, cardiac output (CO_2 rebreathing technique); stroke volume and arteriovenous oxygen difference were determined in 25 boys and 19 adult men (10.2±0.3 and 21.6±1.8 year-old, respectively) at rest and during maximal exercises on a bicycle ergometer. The boys were applied to the step test and 800m run, too. Maximal oxygen intake for boys was 1.328±0.206l/min or 41.83±4.89ml/kg min, and for the adults 2.785±0.414l/min or 43.40±4.70ml/kg min. For the boys the cardiac output during maximal exercise was 10.01±1.33l/min, stroke volume 51.57±8.00ml, heart rate 194.65±9.68beats/min and arteriovenous oxygen difference 13.31±1.65vol%; for the adults, these values were 18.65±2.87l/min, 98.98±15.76ml, 188.32±7.25beats/min and 15.15±1.70vol%, respectively. All values obtained for the boys were significantly different (p < 0.01) from those found in the adults. The correlation between maiximal oxygen intake and hemodynamic responses to the maximal exercise described above was found to be statistically significant. The results in PWC_<170> was significantly correlated to maximal oxygen intake, maximal cardiac output, maximal stroke volume and step test score. The 800m run had the significant correlation only to maximal oxygen intake per kg of the body weight. But the step test score was not significantly correlated to the cardiorespiratory capacities. From the present results above mentioned, it was suggested that the remarkable increase in the adults' maximal oxygen intake from resting oxigen intake would be more dependent on the increase in the heart rate and arteriovenous oxygen difference. The same values of maximal oxygen intake per body weight observed in boys and adults were caused by the same values of maximal stroke volume per body weight in boys and adults and by higher maximal heart rate and smaller maximal arteriovenous oxygen difference in boys. The correlation coefficient between PWC_<170> and maximal oxygen intake per body weight was not significant (r=0.23). The highest valid correlation (r=0.71) was obtained between maximal oxygen intake per body weight and PWC<170> per body weight. The performance of 800m run was correlated to maximal oxygen intake per body weight as r=-0.57. But the step test score did not show valid relationship with cardiovascular functions.