文章基本信息

标题：Facing exclusion and smiling through the pain: positive emotion expression during interpersonal ostracism
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作者：Elena Svetieva ; Lisa Zadro ; Daejoong Kim 等
期刊名称：Psychology Research and Behavior Management
印刷版ISSN：1179-1578
电子版ISSN：1179-1578
出版年度：2019
卷号：12
页码：229-239
DOI：10.2147/PRBM.S195752
出版社：Dove Medical Press Ltd
摘要：Background: The present research compares smiling and emotion expression generally to other indicators of negative intra- and interpersonal reactions to ostracism, and in particular negative reactions towards the ostracizers. Methods: A total of N=143 participants (n=55 in Experiment 1 and n=88 in Experiment 2) were ostracized from a web-conference by two other individuals. Facial expressions of participants during the exclusion period were coded using EMFACS and compared to self-reported reactions to ostracism and the sources of the ostracism. Results: Ostracized individuals showed signiﬁcant levels of both Duchenne (genuine) and non-Duchenne (social) smiling, despite ﬁnding ostracism highly aversive, reporting more negative attitudes towards the ostracizing confederates, and (in Experiment 2) higher levels of negative affect. Experiment 2 showed evidence of a self-regulation and display management function of smiling during ostracism in that participants who exhibited more Duchenne smiling during their exclusion also reported higher levels of positive emotion after the ostracism, and were also rated by a group of judges as experiencing more amusement at their exclusion. Conclusion: The web conferencing paradigm used in this study provides an ecologically valid method to study the management of expressive behavior during aversive interpersonal experiences, adding to the existing evidence of facial display management during other types of distressing experience.
关键词：ostracism; facial expressions; self-regulation; emotion; display rules