文章基本信息

标题：Diversification of insects since the Devonian: a new approach based on morphological disparity of mouthparts
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作者：Patricia Nel ; Sylvain Bertrand ; André Nel 等
期刊名称：Scientific Reports
电子版ISSN：2045-2322
出版年度：2018
卷号：8
期号：1
页码：3516
DOI：10.1038/s41598-018-21938-1
语种：English
出版社：Springer Nature
摘要：The majority of the analyses of the evolutionary history of the megadiverse class Insecta are based on the documented taxonomic palaeobiodiversity. A different approach, poorly investigated, is to focus on morphological disparity, linked to changes in the organisms' functioning. Here we establish a hierarchy of the great geological epochs based on a new method using Wagner parsimony and a 'presence/absence of a morphological type of mouthpart of Hexapoda' dataset. We showed the absence of major rupture in the evolution of the mouthparts, but six epochs during which numerous innovations and few extinctions happened, i.e., Late Carboniferous, Middle and Late Triassic, 'Callovian-Oxfordian', 'Early' Cretaceous, and 'Albian-Cenomanian'. The three crises Permian-Triassic, Triassic-Jurassic, and Cretaceous-Cenozoic had no strong, visible impact on mouthparts types. We particularly emphasize the origination of mouthparts linked to nectarivory during the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution. We also underline the origination of mouthparts linked to phytophagy during the Middle and the Late Triassic, correlated to the diversification of the gymnosperms, especially in relation to the complex 'flowers' producing nectar of the Bennettitales and Gnetales.