文章基本信息

标题：Rapid selection of sulphadoxine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and its effect on within-population genetic diversity in Papua New Guinea
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作者：Toshihiro Mita ; Francis Hombhanje ; Nobuyuki Takahashi 等
期刊名称：Scientific Reports
电子版ISSN：2045-2322
出版年度：2018
卷号：8
期号：1
页码：5565
DOI：10.1038/s41598-018-23811-7
语种：English
出版社：Springer Nature
摘要：The ability of the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum to adapt to environmental changes depends considerably on its ability to maintain within-population genetic variation. Strong selection, consequent to widespread antimalarial drug usage, occasionally elicits a rapid expansion of drug-resistant isolates, which can act as founders. To investigate whether this phenomenon induces a loss of within-population genetic variation, we performed a population genetic analysis on 302 P. falciparum cases detected during two cross-sectional surveys in 2002/2003, just after the official introduction of sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine as a first-line treatment, and again in 2010/2011, in highly endemic areas in Papua New Guinea. We found that a single-origin sulphadoxine-resistant parasite isolate rapidly increased from 0% in 2002/2003 to 54% in 2010 and 84% in 2011. However, a considerable number of pairs exhibited random associations among 10 neutral microsatellite markers located in various chromosomes, suggesting that outcrossing effectively reduced non-random associations, albeit at a low average multiplicity of infection (1.35-1.52). Within-population genetic diversity was maintained throughout the study period. This indicates that the parasites maintained within-population variation, even after a clonal expansion of drug-resistant parasites. Outcrossing played a role in the preservation of within-population genetic diversity despite low levels of multiplicity of infection.