摘要:Although crowdsourcing drives much of the interest in Machine Learning (ML) in Geographic Information Science (GIScience), the impact of uncertainty of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) on ML has been insufficiently studied. This significantly hampers the application of ML in GIScience. In this paper, we briefly delineate five common stages of employing VGI in ML processes, introduce some examples, and then describe propagation of uncertainty of VGI.