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标题：Therapeutic FGF19 promotes HDL biogenesis and transhepatic cholesterol efflux to prevent atherosclerosis
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作者：Mei Zhou ; Mei Zhou ; R. Marc Learned 等
期刊名称：JLR Papers In Press
印刷版ISSN：0022-2275
电子版ISSN：1539-7262
出版年度：2019
卷号：60
期号：3
页码：550-565
DOI：10.1194/jlr.M089961
出版社：American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
摘要：Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)19, an endocrine hormone produced in the gut, acts in the liver to control bile acid synthesis. NGM282, an engineered FGF19 analog, is currently in clinical development for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. However, the molecular mechanisms that integrate FGF19 with cholesterol metabolic pathways are incompletely understood. Here, we report that FGF19 and NGM282 promote HDL biogenesis and cholesterol efflux from the liver by selectively modulating LXR signaling while ameliorating hepatic steatosis. We further identify ABCA1 and FGF receptor 4 as mediators of this effect, and that administration of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor or a blocking antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 abolished FGF19-associated elevations in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and LDL cholesterol in db/db mice. Moreover, we show that a constitutively active MEK1, but not a constitutively active STAT3, mimics the effect of FGF19 and NGM282 on cholesterol change. In dyslipidemic Apoe ^−/− mice fed a Western diet, treatment with NGM282 dramatically reduced atherosclerotic lesion area in aortas. Administration of NGM282 to healthy volunteers for 7 days resulted in a 26% increase in HDL-C levels compared with placebo. These findings outline a previously unrecognized role for FGF19 in the homeostatic control of cholesterol and may have direct impact on the clinical development of FGF19 analogs.
关键词：adenosine 5′-triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 ; bile acid metabolism ; cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase ; clinical studies ; liver ; nuclear receptor liver X receptor ; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ; steatohepatitis ; fibroblast growth factor 19 ; high density lipoprotein