Results of additived naval fuel drop's burning.

Turcoiu, Titi ; Omocea, Ion ; Radulea, Lilian 等

1. INTRODUCTION

Following, there will be presented the naval and mixed fuel type (used only for improving the burning fuel process), tested through the burning simulator (Radulea,2007).

The CN1 fuel was produced at Teleajen Refinery (Ploiesti/RO) and it was used in the experimental research for fuel burning with cenosphere drop characteristics highlighting.

In experimental research water was used as mixture base,which was inserted in the fuel by ultrasound emulsion.

Ultrasound emulsion was made using an original hydrodynamic vibrator with extended length of the vibrator's lamella and it was preceded at strengthening attack board's, to reduce the consumed energy in fuel's transmission through the supplying engine installation.

Experimented fuel probes were drawn in the following conditions, where the CN1 fuel wasn't mixed, and after it was water mixed, with a 4%, 8% and 12% percent, in volume, the fuel-water emulsion being ultra sound treated. Water (AO) was used for ignition-burning process parameters improvement. Following, there are experiment's particularities of water mixture and CN1 fuel emulsion's ultra sounding, in the burning oscillogram in figures 1-4.

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2. THE EVOLUTION OF IGNITION-BURNING CHARACTERISTICS

The total fuel drop burning time (existence time, [[tau].sub.e], fig. 8) is reduced together with the water increasing percent [A.sub.O], because it contributes, by molecular decomposition, to a faster burning of the volatile matters, [[tau].sub.v], fig.6), and also of the cenospher, [[tau].sub.c], fig.7), experimented fuel drop's components. It doesn't has the same effect on the fuel drop's delay [[tau].sub.i], fig.5), because and important part of the consumed energy in initiation of the airfuel ignition dissipates into needed energy for vaporizing fuel's water. This is the reason the ignition delay for the drop in the fuel-water emulsion increases with the water percent in the emulsion. This way also manifests the ignition index [psi] (tab. 2), and also the burning simplex [S.sub.a] (tab.2), because they are sensitively influenced by [[tau].sub.i] and [[tau].sub.v].

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In return, the complex ignition and burning index A (tab.2), the global ignition, lighting and radiation index G (tab.2), with an important influence on the burning time of the volatile matters, [[tau].sub.v], and the flame radiated energy at volatile burning matters, [E.sub.v] heavily drop with the increase of [A.sub.0] percent in the fuel.The burning and burning speed constants register favorable evolutions at naval fuel's water mixing. The volatile matters burning constant [k.sub.v] (tab.2), total burning constant [k.sub.v] (tab.2), drop's burning speed [w.sub.a] (tab.2) and the burning speed constant [k.sub.wa] (tab.2) have an obvious and accentuated development from the unmixed zone towards 8% of the fuel's mixture volume, while the cenosphere's burning constant, keeping its' tendency, has a lower evolution ([k.sub.c] ,tab.2).

3. CONCLUSIONS

The first arising conclusion form burning oscillogram analysis is the water mixture and emulsion ultra sounded treatment with only 8% water in fuel's volume tendencies are distinguishable and maintained to influence the naval fuel ignition-burning process parameters.

The second conclusion is that without mixing and ultra sound treatment, but also mixing together with emulsion ultra sounding, with more than 8% water (12%, in the experimental case) in the fuel volume, determines all ignition-burning process's parameter values outside the tendency and evolution sense of these parameters.

As a result, regarding the water mixing naval fuel and ultra sounding water-fuel emulsion experiments, it was proved the ignition-lighting naval fuel drop process, with cenosphere, is improved only by a value of 8% water in the fuel volume.

The third conclusion of this experimental research is that was obtaining experimental data regarding naval fuels burning, with minimal expenses, but offering valuable information on naval fuels quality.

Experimental research of the naval mixed fuel ignition-burning process must also be extended to the naval engine, for this process's improvement. The simulator study is only orientation for burning process tendencies, in fuel's mixing conditions.

In this sense, using the naval engine vessel exploited as Hammerdown mixture was tested (Andersen,1998), or on a fully equipped stand, with loading break and measuring machines, the mixed naval fuels should be tested on the engine and the energetic parameters and polluting products should be measured, for a new engine confirmation (Turcoiu,1994), of the simulator results. But an engine research presumes big expenses, not affordable in a PhD. paper work program.

4. REFERENCES

Andersen, 0.(1998). Use of DFT # 1500 Hammerdown and 1500 V to Condition Heavy Fuels Used in Marine Engine. Ottomans AS Deutschland, Rheinbach, Germany, prospects

Ghia, V.V.(1995). Graphology characteristics determination for one sort oil burning and three sorts water-oil emulsions ultra sound treated. Research report, nr. 370/30.11.1995, MASTER S.A., Bucharest,1995

Radulea, L.(2007). Research for naval engines performances improvement by fuel's mixture. PhD. Thesis, public presentation, July 2007, Maritime University of Constanta, 2007

Turcoiu, T. & Radulea, L.(2007).Study of naval fuel drop burning.Paper presented at IMLA's 15th Conferences on MET, Chaguaramas,Trinidad-Tobago,15-19 0ctober 2007

Turcoiu, T.(1994).Fuel-water mixtures for internal combustion engines. Science and Technique Review, nr.7, pp 6-7, Bucharest, 1994 Tab. 1. Physical and chemical fuel's characteristics used in experimental research Characteristics UM CN1 Fuel Dynamic viscosity, v [sup.0]E 2,7 Density, [rho], at Kg/[dm.sup.3] 0,980 20 [degrees]C Flash point [sup.0]C 103 Pour point [sup.0]C 10 Sulphur (gravimetric) % 1,6 Carbon residual--Conradson % 5 (gravimetric) Water and mechanical impurities % 0,5 Inferior caloric power, PCI Kcal/kg(kJ/kg) 979(41010) Tab.2. The ignition-burning characteristics evolution: [MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] water as additive; US-ultrasounds [psi] A0+US (-) A(-) Sa(-) G(-) B(-) Ev(uc) without 0,24 0,68 0,88 0,51 0,748 335556 0 % 0,21 0,77 0,82 0,59 0,771 293448 4 % 0,22 0,71 0,88 0,55 0,771 270912 8 % 0,23 0,67 0,91 0,52 0,778 261636 12 % 0,22 0,71 0,87 0,62 0,872 256332 Kv Kc Ka Wa Kwa Ec A0+US (mm2/s) (mm2/s) (mm2/s) (mg/s) (mg/sm (uc) without 2,40 2,71 1,27 1,30 0,65 112596 0 % 2,31 2,82 1,27 1,30 0,65 86940 4 % 2,48 2,83 1,32 1,36 0,68 80308 8 % 2,60 2,86 1,36 1,40 0,70 74568 12 % 2,42 2,77 1,29 1,33 0,66 37776