Study aim: the aim of the study was to identify differences between athletically trained and untrained subjects with respect to body composition, motor and cognitive abilities.

Materials and methods: three groups of girls aged 12 to 14 years old participated in the study: young judokas (n = 42), volleyball players (n = 54) and their untrained peers (n = 54). Variables of interest were assessed through eight motor tests, nine anthropometric variables and the RSPM.

Results: this study showed differences in some anthropometric characteristics and almost all motoric abilities between trained girls and untrained girls (p < 0.05), indicating that well-programmed activity can positively influence these characteristics and abilities. In addition, group of volleyball players presented significantly better results in cognitive abilities (p < 0.01), indicating a need for intelligence in complex sports like volleyball.

Conclusions: generally, the trained groups of athletes possessed better coordination and strength than their untrained counterparts.