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标题：Waterparks are high risk for cryptosporidiosis: A case-control study in Victoria, 2015
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作者：Tanyth E de Gooyer ; Joy Gregory ; Marion Easton 等
期刊名称：Communicable Diseases Intelligence
印刷版ISSN：1447-4514
电子版ISSN：1445-4866
出版年度：2017
卷号：41
期号：2
页码：E141-E149
出版社：Government Department of Health and Ageing
摘要：Background: An increase in notifications of cryptosporidiosiswas observed in Victoria betweenMarch and April 2015. Cases mostly resided inone metropolitan region and hypothesis-generatinginterviews identified common exposures toaquatic facilities. We conducted a case-controlstudy to determine exposure source(s) and facilitatecontrol measures.Methods: Laboratory-confirmed cases of cryptosporidiosisfrom the region of interest notifiedbetween 1 March and 23 April 2015 were included.Controls residing in the same region were recruitedfrom participants in a population health surveyand frequency matched (2 per case) by age group.Details of exposure to potential risk factors werecollected using a standardised telephone questionnairefor the 14-days prior to illness for cases,and an analogous exposure period for controls.Univariable and multivariable logistic regressionwere used to determine risk factors associated withillness using STATA SE 13.1.Results: Thirty cases and 66 controls were includedin the study. Half the cases were less than 12 years ofage and 62% were female. Illness was most stronglyassociated with recreational water exposure atany waterpark (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=73.5;95% confidence interval (CI):6.74–802), and specificallyat Victorian waterparks (aOR=45.6; 95%CI:5.20–399). Cases were linked with attendanceat either a waterpark in the region or an adjacentregion. As a result of this investigation, hyperchlorinationwas completed at identified facilities andswim hygiene information distributed.Conclusion: This study reinforces the potential forrecreational water facilities, particularly waterparks,to act as a transmission source of Cryptosporidiuminfections. Continued communication to patronsis required to ensure healthy swimming practicein Victorian aquatic facilities.