文章基本信息

标题：Spiritual Struggles among Atheists: Links to Psychological Distress and Well-Being
本地全文：下载
作者：Aaron E. Sedlar ; Nick Stauner ; Kenneth I. Pargament 等
期刊名称：Religions
电子版ISSN：2077-1444
出版年度：2018
卷号：9
期号：8
页码：242
DOI：10.3390/rel9080242
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Religious and spiritual struggles (R/S struggles)—tension or conflicts regarding religious or spiritual matters—have been robustly linked to greater psychological distress and lower well-being. Most research in this area has relied on samples consisting predominantly of participants who believe in god(s). Limited research has examined R/S struggles among atheists, generally conflating them with agnostics and other nontheists. This study investigated the prevalence of R/S struggles among atheists and compared atheists to theists in two samples (3978 undergraduates, 1048 Internet workers). Results of a multilevel model showed that atheists experience less demonic, doubt, divine, moral, and overall R/S struggles than theists, but similar levels of interpersonal and ultimate meaning struggles. Correlation and regression analyses among atheists demonstrated links between moral, ultimate meaning, and overall R/S struggles and greater distress (depression and anxiety symptoms) as well as lower well-being (life satisfaction and meaning in life). Even after controlling neuroticism, ultimate meaning struggles continued to predict lower well-being and higher distress across samples; moral struggles also predicted distress independently. This study demonstrates the relevance of R/S struggles to atheists and reinforces the applicability of previous results to atheist samples, but also highlights substantial differences between atheists and theists in certain R/S struggles.
关键词：atheism; religion; spirituality; depression; anxiety; spiritual struggles atheism ; religion ; spirituality ; depression ; anxiety ; spiritual struggles