文章基本信息

标题：Empirical Perspectives on Cognitive Penetrability of Perception
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作者：Piotr Litwin
期刊名称：Avant : Journal of Philosophical-Interdisciplinary Vanguard
印刷版ISSN：2082-7598
电子版ISSN：2082-6710
出版年度：2017
卷号：VIII
期号：1
页码：159
出版社：Centre for Philosophical Research
摘要：The problem of the cognitive penetrability of perception pertains to whether perceptual processing may be impacted by higher-order cognitive processes. It may be understood in a twofold sense: 1) whether what a perceptual system computes may be altered in a way that is semantically coherent to one’s cognitive states; 2) whether perceptual experience may be influenced by cognitive processes. It has been argued that the cognitive penetra-bility problem is not scientifically tractable since we have no direct access to other per-sons’ subjective experiences and, therefore, we have to rely on their reports, which are mediated by higher-order processes (e.g., judgments). In this paper, I analyze the scope of methods harnessed in contemporary work on the penetrability of perception, focusing par-ticularly on methods from experimental psychology and neuroscience. Among them, I in-dicate the most promising techniques and paradigms, as well as those that are inadequate to successfully tackling the problem. I also discuss experimental results which unequivo-cally suggest direct influences on perception which have not been addressed to date by supporters of the view that perception is impenetrable. I also describe the predictive pro-cessing theory of cognition, focusing on how it contributes to our understanding of cogni-tive penetrability, and discuss scientific results validating the theory. In conclusion, converging empirical evidence seems to suggest that perception is cognitively penetrable and we seem to be at the dawn of the ultimate solution of the problem.
关键词：cognitive penetrability of perception; early vision; visual matching; per⁠for⁠mance-based measures; physiological reflexes; predictive processing.