文章基本信息

标题：Divan Şiirinde Hârût ile Mârût
其他标题：In The Divan Poetry Hârût And Mârût
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作者：Murat ASLAN
期刊名称：Journal of Turkish Studies
印刷版ISSN：1308-2140
出版年度：2015
卷号：10
期号：8
页码：485-516
DOI：10.7827/TurkishStudies.8274
出版社：Turkish studies publisher
摘要：Divan şiirinin kaynaklarından en önemlisi Kur'an-ı Kerim'dir. Kur'an-ı Kerim'de geçen kıssa ve ayetler
其他摘要：Holy Quran is the most important source of Ottoman poetry. In the Ottoman poetry, there are a lot of subject about the Holy Quran. One of them is the story of Harut and Marut. Harut and Marut are two angels according to Holy Quran; but they are taught to people details of magic. These angels are reflected about witchraft in the Divan poetry; because the story is described as a large source of the Jewish religion. Couplets which interest about witchcraft are based on the story of Harut and Marut. Divan poets created colorful dreams around the story. In context of the story, poets are interested in source of beauty elements of the beloved and pride of poet (fahriye-i şâirane). Sometimes they think themselves as Harut or Marut; so, they were proud of their poems, because they wrote poems by imitation of the magic arts. All of the verses of poets that we can detect only have benefited from the story in Judaism sources. Poets didn't have benefited from the story of Holy Quran; because it isn't suitable for colorful dreams in poems. This article will focus on the story of Harut and Marut shortly, then will examine how it is used in the verses of the Divan poetry. Our goal is basically understand how was used story of Harut and Marut by Divan poets. How they can created colorful and interesting dreams from the simple story of Harut and Marut in Divan poetry? We want to answer this question. And, we want to enter to imagination of Divan poetry from the gate of Harut and Marut's story. The method is that: Firstly we collected information about the story of Harut and Marut from Holy Quran, Torah, articles, commentary books and the various encylopedias. Secondly, we scanned a hundred and sixty nine Divans and collected about two hundreds verses about the story. After that, we categorized and explained these verses. Finally, according to discoveries, we interpreted these verses in conclusion. Harut and Marut names are always mantioned together with magic in the Divan poetry. Because, according to Surat al-Baqara 102 Harut and Marut are two angles and they taught magic to the people in Babylon. Generally, the story of Harut and Marut's elements are used in the context of the beloved in the Divan poetry. Eye, chin, hair, beauty spot, fluff, eyelashes elements sometimes like magic or magician, sometimes they are charming. Chin generally like Babylon. İn the Babylon, there is a big hole and Harut and Marut are in this hole upside down. Like this, on the beloved's chin, there is a small hole. There is a beauty spot on the beloved's chin's hole. It is like Harut; because both of them are in the hole. Hair is sometimes like Harut; because it is upside down on the head. Sometimes it is like Harut's rope. Eye is a magic master and it teaches magic to Harut and Marut in the hole of Babylon. So, it is more succesful than Harut and Marut about magic. In fact, people learned magic from Harut and Marut according to Holy Quran; but Harut and Marut learned magic from beloved's eyes according to Divan poets. Eyelashes are magic pens. When people see the beloved's chin, their hearts fall in chin like Harut; so, they fall in love. Sometimes, poets are think themselves like Harut or Marut. So, they can teach magic to Harut and Marut. They are magician of words. Their poetries affects not only the people but also witches. They can magic to people by poem. Slightly, some verses about Harut and Marut story are without using any art or dreams. It seems that the poets took the story of Harut and Marut as a template. Dreams have established according to this pattern. Examples: ''I am a magician. So, I can hang to Harut on my hair by trick.'' (Hayrî; G, 187/2) ''Harut! Don't claim about magic against beloved's eye. Beware! Because she can cancel your magic by glance.'' (Lebîb; Trh, 41/27) ''How can people endure to your glance? If Harut's magic see your eyes it will be a bewitched.'' (Lebîb; G, 31/3) ''Your glance ise a witch of Babylon; but your black ey
关键词：Hârût; Mârût; çâh-ı Bâbil; Zühre; sihr; sâhir; câdû.
其他关键词：Hârût; Mârût; hole of Babylon; Venus; magic; magician.