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标题：Inequality and the Size of Government
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作者：Weijie Luo ; Andrew Pickering ; Paulo Santos Monteiro 等
期刊名称：Discussion Papers in Economics / Department of Economics, University of York
出版年度：2017
卷号：2017
出版社：University of York
摘要：The median voter theory of government size predicts that greater inequality leads to greater demand for redistribution and larger government (Meltzer and Richard, 1981). However, this prediction is often rejected empirically. This paper distinguishes between income inequality induced by differences in labor productivity and income inequality induced by differences in capital income. Whilst the standard argument applies to productivity-induced income inequality, greater capital income inequality leads to smaller government if, as often observed, capital income is difficult to tax. Using OECD data, government size and capital income inequality (proxied by the top 1% income share) are found to be negatively related in both fixed effects and instrumental variable regressions. Moreover, controlling for capital income inequality yields a positive and significant relationship between government size and labor income inequality, as originally conjectured.