文章基本信息

标题：Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Children with Cancer
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作者：Fatemeh Ghane Sharbaf ; Hamid Farhangi ; Farahnak Assadi 等
期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
印刷版ISSN：2008-7802
出版年度：2017
卷号：8
页码：76
DOI：10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_40_17
语种：English
出版社：ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
摘要：Children with cancer treated with cytotoxic drugs are frequently at risk of developing renal dysfunction. The cytotoxic drugs that are widely used for cancer treatment in children are cisplatin (CPL), ifosfamide (IFO), carboplatin, and methotrexate (MTX). Mechanisms of anticancer drug-induced renal disorders are different and include acute kidney injury (AKI), tubulointerstitial disease, vascular damage, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), and intrarenal obstruction. CPL nephrotoxicity is dose-related and is often demonstrated with hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, and impaired renal function with rising serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. CPL, mitomycin C, and gemcitabine treatment cause vascular injury and HUS. High-dose IFO, streptozocin, and azacitidine cause renal tubular dysfunction manifested by Fanconi syndrome, rickets, and osteomalacia. AKI is a common adverse effect of MTX, interferon-alpha, and nitrosourea compound treatment. These strategies to reduce the cytotoxic drug-induced nephrotoxicity should include adequate hydration, forced diuresis, and urinary alkalization. Amifostine, sodium thiosulfate, and diethyldithiocarbamate provide protection against CPL-induced renal toxicity.
关键词：Acute kidney injury ; anti-cancer drugs ; chemotherapy ; children ; glomerular filtration rate ; nephrotoxicity