文章基本信息

标题：NONCONTINGENT REINFORCEMENT: A FURTHER EXAMINATION OF SCHEDULE EFFECTS DURING TREATMENT
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作者：Michele D. Wallace ; Brian A. Iwata ; Gregory P. Hanley 等
期刊名称：Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
印刷版ISSN：0021-8855
电子版ISSN：1938-3703
出版年度：2012
卷号：45
期号：4
页码：709-719
DOI：10.1901/jaba.2012.45-709
语种：English
出版社：University of Kansas - Dept Human Development
摘要：We conducted 2 studies to determine whether dense and thin NCR schedules exert different influences over behavior and whether these influences change as dense schedules are thinned. In Study 1, we observed that thin as well as dense NCR schedules effectively decreased problem behavior exhibited by 3 individuals. In Study 2, we compared the effects of 2 NCR schedules in multielement designs, one with and the other without an extinction (EXT) component, while both schedules were thinned. Problem behavior remained low as the NCR schedule with EXT was thinned, but either (a) did not decrease initially or (b) subsequently increased as the NCR schedule without EXT was thinned. These results suggest that dense schedules of NCR decrease behavior by altering its motivating operation but that extinction occurs as the NCR schedule is thinned. The benefits and limitations of using dense or thin NCR schedules are discussed. Key words: functional analysis, noncontingent reinforcement, self-injurious behavior, aggression, schedule effects, motivating operation, extinction
关键词：functional analysis; noncontingent reinforcement; self-injurious behavior; aggression; schedule effects; motivating operation; extinction