文章基本信息

标题：EXAMINATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF CONTINGENCY ON CHANGES IN REINFORCER VALUE
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作者：Iser G DeLeon ; Meagan K Gregory ; Michelle A Frank-Crawford 等
期刊名称：Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
印刷版ISSN：0021-8855
电子版ISSN：1938-3703
出版年度：2011
卷号：44
期号：3
页码：543-558
DOI：10.1901/jaba.2011.44-543
语种：English
出版社：University of Kansas - Dept Human Development
摘要：This study examined how the amount of effort required to produce a reinforcer influenced subsequent preference for, and strength of, that reinforcer in 7 individuals with intellectual disabilities. Preference assessments identified four moderately preferred stimuli for each participant, and progressive-ratio (PR) analyses indexed reinforcer strength. Stimuli were then assigned to one of four conditions for 4 weeks: fixed-ratio (FR) 1 schedule, escalating FR schedule, yoked noncontingent (NCR) delivery, and restricted access. Preference assessments and PR schedules were then repeated to examine changes in selection percentages and PR break points. Selection percentages decreased for all NCR stimuli but increased for most of the restricted stimuli. There were no systematic changes in selection percentages for either of the contingent stimuli. Break points increased, on average, for all conditions, but the increase was highest for the restricted stimuli and lowest for the NCR stimuli. These results are discussed in relation to recent basic research addressing the influence of effort on stimulus value.
关键词：noncontingent reinforcement; preference assessments; progressive-ratio analysis; stimulus value