文章基本信息

标题：Ultrafast nonthermal heating of water initiated by an X-ray Free-Electron Laser
作者：Kenneth R. Beyerlein ; H. Olof Jönsson ; Roberto Alonso-Mori 等
期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2018
卷号：115
期号：22
页码：5652-5657
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1711220115
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：The bright ultrafast pulses of X-ray Free-Electron Lasers allow investigation into the structure of matter under extreme conditions. We have used single pulses to ionize and probe water as it undergoes a phase transition from liquid to plasma. We report changes in the structure of liquid water on a femtosecond time scale when irradiated by single 6.86 keV X-ray pulses of more than 10⁶ J/cm². These observations are supported by simulations based on molecular dynamics and plasma dynamics of a water system that is rapidly ionized and driven out of equilibrium. This exotic ionic and disordered state with the density of a liquid is suggested to be structurally different from a neutral thermally disordered state.
关键词：Serial Femtosecond Crystallography ; X-ray Free-Electron Laser ; non-local thermodynamics equilibrium ; ultrafast phase transition ; molecular dynamics