期刊名称：Psychologie & NeuroPsychiatrie du vieillissement
印刷版ISSN：1760-1703
电子版ISSN：1950-6988
出版年度：2007
卷号：5
期号：4
页码：315-325
DOI：10.1684/pnv.2007.0106
出版社：John Libbey Eurotext
摘要：Recent studies suggest that executive functions are among the first cognitive functions to decline with normal aging. Methods: we studied the effect of age on executive functions using a set of 13 arithmetic word problems including 9 problems of increasing complexity which were solvable in 2, 3, 4 operations, and 4 aberrant problems. Three groups participated in the study: 18 young, 18 adult and 18 elderly participants. Results: the results showed that elderly participants were more impaired to resolve complex arithmetic word problems, without deficit in their ability to eliminate aberrant problems. Conclusion: the current elderly sample has a dissociated pattern of performance similar to that of some patients with frontal lobe lesions. In these patients, relations were found between the inability to generate correct algorithms of resolution for arithmetic word problems of increasing complexity and lesions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and between the impaired inhibition of unsolvable word problems and lesions in the orbitofrontal regions. We suggest that cognitive aging could be better interpreted in terms of changes in some frontal systems rather than in all-encompassing frontal deterioration.
关键词：executive functions; normal aging; arithmetic word problem solving
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