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标题：Daily Intake of Milk Powder and Risk of Celiac Disease in Early Childhood: A Nested Case-Control Study
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作者：Elin M. Hård af Segerstad ; Hye-Seung Lee ; Carin Andrén Aronsson 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2018
卷号：10
期号：5
页码：550
DOI：10.3390/nu10050550
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：Milk powder and gluten are common components in Swedish infants’ diets. Whereas large intakes of gluten early in life increases the risk of celiac disease in genetically at-risk Swedish children, no study has yet evaluated if intake of milk powder by 2 years of age is associated with celiac disease. A 1-to-3 nested case-control study, comprised of 207 celiac disease children and 621 controls matched for sex, birth year, and HLA genotype, was performed on a birth cohort of HLA-DR3-DQ2 and/or DR4-DQ8-positive children. Subjects were screened annually for celiac disease using tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGA). Three-day food records estimated the mean intake of milk powder at ages 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months. Conditional logistic regression calculated odds ratios (OR) at last intake prior to seroconversion of tTGA positivity, and for each time-point respectively and adjusted for having a first-degree relative with celiac disease and gluten intake. Intake of milk powder prior to seroconversion of tTGA positivity was not associated with celiac disease (OR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.99, 1.03; p = 0.763). In conclusion, intake of milk powder in early childhood is not associated with celiac disease in genetically susceptible children.
关键词：infant feeding; Sweden; HLA; milk powder; formula; gluten; commercial infant foods infant feeding ; Sweden ; HLA ; milk powder ; formula ; gluten ; commercial infant foods