文章基本信息

标题：Spatial distribution of leprosy in India: an ecological study
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作者：Kyra H. Grantz ; Winnie Chabaari ; Ramolotja Kagiso Samuel 等
期刊名称：Infectious Diseases of Poverty
印刷版ISSN：2049-9957
出版年度：2018
卷号：7
期号：1
页码：20
DOI：10.1186/s40249-018-0402-y
语种：English
出版社：BioMed Central
摘要：As leprosy elimination becomes an increasingly realistic goal, it is essential to determine the factors that contribute to its persistence. We evaluate social and economic factors as predictors of leprosy annual new case detection rates within India, where the majority of leprosy cases occur. We used correlation and linear mixed effect regressions to assess whether poverty, illiteracy, nighttime satellite radiance (an index of development), and other covariates can explain district-wise annual new case detection rate and Grade 2 disability diagnoses. We find only weak evidence of an association between poverty and annual new case detection rates at the district level, though illiteracy and satellite radiance are statistically significant predictors of leprosy at the district level. We find no evidence of rapid decline over the period 2008–2015 in either new case detection or new Grade 2 disability. Our findings suggest a somewhat higher rate of leprosy detection, on average, in poorer districts; the overall effect is weak. The divide between leprosy case detection and true incidence of clinical leprosy complicates these results, particularly given that the detection rate is likely disproportionately lower in impoverished settings. Additional information is needed to distinguish the determinants of leprosy case detection and transmission during the elimination epoch.
关键词：Leprosy ; Hansen’s disease ; India ; Poverty ; Spatial