文章基本信息

标题：Carbon dioxide emissions effects of grid-scale electricity storage in a decarbonizing power system
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作者：Michael T Craig ; Paulina Jaramillo ; Bri-Mathias Hodge 等
期刊名称：Environmental Research Letters
印刷版ISSN：1748-9326
电子版ISSN：1748-9326
出版年度：2018
卷号：13
期号：1
页码：014004
DOI：10.1088/1748-9326/aa9a78
语种：English
出版社：IOP Publishing Ltd
摘要：While grid-scale electricity storage (hereafter 'storage') could be crucial for deeply decarbonizing the electric power system, it would increase carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in current systems across the United States. To better understand how storage transitions from increasing to decreasing system CO₂ emissions, we quantify the effect of storage on operational CO₂ emissions as a power system decarbonizes under a moderate and strong CO₂ emission reduction target through 2045. Under each target, we compare the effect of storage on CO₂ emissions when storage participates in only energy, only reserve, and energy and reserve markets. We conduct our study in the Electricity Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) system and use a capacity expansion model to forecast generator fleet changes and a unit commitment and economic dispatch model to quantify system CO₂ emissions with and without storage. We find that storage would increase CO₂ emissions in the current ERCOT system, but would decrease CO₂ emissions in 2025 through 2045 under both decarbonization targets. Storage reduces CO₂ emissions primarily by enabling gas-fired generation to displace coal-fired generation, but also by reducing wind and solar curtailment. We further find that the market in which storage participates drives large differences in the magnitude, but not the direction, of the effect of storage on CO₂ emissions.