文章基本信息

标题：Air quality forecasting system for Southeastern Brazil
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作者：Andrade, Maria de Fatima ; Ynoue, Rita Y. ; Freitas, Edmilson Dias 等
期刊名称：Frontiers in Environmental Science
电子版ISSN：2296-665X
出版年度：2015
卷号：3
页码：9-22
DOI：10.3389/fenvs.2015.00009
摘要：Southeastern Brazil, the most populous and developed region of the country, faces various environmental problems associated with the growth of its population in urban areas. It is the most industrialized area in the country, comprising the metropolitan areas of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, and other major cities. Air quality is a major concern, because the reported concentrations of certain regulated pollutants, typically ozone and fine particulate, have exceeded national standards. Due to the difficulty in taking measurements over many different areas, air quality modeling is a useful tool to estimate air pollutant concentrations. For southeastern Brazil, air quality modeling has been performed mostly with the Brazilian Regional Atmospheric Modeling System with Simplified Photochemical Module and the Weather Research and Forecast with Chemistry models. One of the main objectives was to study the evolution of air quality associated with improved vehicle emission factors in urban areas, the impact of climate change on air quality, and the relationship between pollutant concentrations and health. Knowledge of mobile source emission factors has been continuously expanded by in-tunnel measurements and dynamometer protocols, which provide accurate data as inputs to photochemical air quality models. The spatial distribution of the mobile source emissions was constructed based on open access data related to the streets and traffic distribution. The mobile emission module was combined to the chemistry modeling and this implementation can be an example to be applied to other places that do not have a spatial distribution of this kind of source. Forecasts of pollutant concentrations can inform public policies, including those addressing the effects of pollutants on health of the general population, and studies of the impacts of using different fuels and implementation of emissions regulations programs.
关键词：Air quality modeling; Sao Paulo Megacity; Chemistry Transport Model for Southeast of Brazil; Impact of Vehicular Emission on Air Quality; Tropospheric Ozone; Air quality modeling; Sao Paulo megacity; Chemistry Transport Model for Southeast Brazil; Impact of Vehicular Emission on Air Quality; Tropospheric ozone