文章基本信息

标题：Mental Toughness and Individual Differences in Learning, Educational and Work Performance, Psychological Well-being, and Personality: A Systematic Review
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作者：Lin, Ying ; Mutz, Julian ; Clough, Peter J. 等
期刊名称：Frontiers in Psychology
电子版ISSN：1664-1078
出版年度：2017
卷号：8
页码：1345-1359
DOI：10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01345
出版社：Frontiers Media
摘要：Mental toughness (MT) is an umbrella term that entails positive psychological resources, which are crucial across a wide range of achievement contexts and in the domain of mental health. We systematically review empirical studies that explored the associations between the concept of MT and individual differences in learning, educational and work performance, psychological well-being, personality, and other psychological attributes. Studies that explored the genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in MT are also reviewed. The findings suggest that MT is associated with various positive psychological traits, more efficient coping strategies and positive outcomes in education and mental health. Approximately 50% of the variation in MT can be accounted for by genetic factors. Furthermore, the associations between MT and psychological traits can be explained mainly by either common genetic or nonshared environmental factors. Taken together, our findings suggest a ‘mental toughness advantage’ with possible implications for developing interventions to facilitate achievement in a variety of settings.
关键词：Mental toughness; Educational performance; psychological wellbeing; Personality; genetics of mental toughness