文章基本信息

标题：Music Ensemble as a Resilient System. Managing the Unexpected through Group Interaction
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作者：Glowinski, Donald ; Bracco, Fabrizio ; Chiorri, Carlo 等
期刊名称：Frontiers in Psychology
电子版ISSN：1664-1078
出版年度：2016
卷号：7
页码：1548-1554
DOI：10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01548
出版社：Frontiers Media
摘要：The present contribution provides readers from diverse fields of psychology with a new and comprehensive model for the understanding of the characteristics of music ensembles. The model is based on a novel heuristic approach whose key construct is resilience, intended here as the ability of a system to adapt to external perturbations and anticipate future events. The paper clarifies the specificity of music ensemble as an original social and creative activity, and how some mechanisms, at an individual (cognitive) and group (coordination) level, are enacted in a particular way that endows these groups with exceptional resilience capacity. There is now a wealth of evidence isolating the psychological mechanisms involved in these processes. However, there is much less focus on conditions in which the group has to face unexpected and potentially performance-disruptive events. The resilience approach offers a more thorough explanation of the regulatory strategies that musicians may resort to in order to maintain their performance at an optimal level. Musical ensembles of different size are presented as case studies of how such systems (and their individual members) resist error and maintain joint performance. Three hypothetical scenarios are further proposed that epitomize resilient or non-resilient musical teams. The present contribution further proposes hypotheses and formulates predictions on which combinations of individual and group factors foster team resilience. This model further accommodates the most recent findings in neuroscience and experimental psychology. Beside highlighting the potential of music ensemble for psychological research, it gives hints on how resilience could be trained.
关键词：resilience; Music Ensemble Performance; social interaction; Attention; anticipation; adaptation